Title Deeds
types and legal framework in Turkey
The title deed, known as the Tapu, is the official document that proves ownership of a property in Turkey. It is issued by the Land Registry Office and confirms that the buyer is the legal owner of the property.
Every real estate transaction in Turkey must be registered with the Land Registry. Only after this registration is completed does ownership legally transfer to the buyer.
What is a Tapu?
The Tapu is the official ownership certificate and contains key information about the property and the owner.
It typically includes:
∙ Name of the registered owner
∙ Property location and registration details
∙ Type of property (apartment, land, commercial unit)
∙ Share or full ownership status
The Tapu is the most important legal document in any property purchase in Turkey.
Types of Title Deeds in Turkey
In Turkey, there are different types of title deeds depending on the status and structure of the property:
Kat Mülkiyeti (Full Ownership Title Deed)
This is the final title deed issued for completed properties with full construction approval.
It confirms full ownership of an independent unit, such as an apartment or villa.
Kat İrtifakı (Construction Servitude Title Deed)
This type of title deed is issued during the construction phase.
It defines ownership rights to a specific unit within a project that is still under development.
Hisseli Tapu (Shared Title Deed)
This type of title deed represents shared ownership of a property or land between multiple owners. Each owner holds a percentage share rather than exclusive ownership of a specific unit. Buyers should ensure they fully understand the ownership structure before purchasing a shared title property.
Arsa Tapusu (Land Title Deed)
This title deed refers to land ownership.
It does not confirm ownership of a completed property and is commonly used for plots or development land.
All types are legally valid, but buyers should always understand which type of title deed they are purchasing and what it represents.
The Role of the Land Registry
All property transactions in Turkey are processed through the Land Registry and Cadastre Directorate. The transfer of ownership takes place officially at the Land Registry Office in the presence of both buyer and seller (or their legal representatives).
Once the transaction is completed and registered:
∙ Ownership is legally transferred
∙ The Tapu is issued in the buyer’s name.
This system provides a high level of legal security.
Important Considerations
Before purchasing property in Turkey, buyers should ensure that:
∙ The property is properly registered
∙ There are no debts, liens or legal restrictions on the property
∙ The information in the Tapu matches the property being purchased
It is always recommended to work with a qualified legal professional to verify all documents before completing the transaction.
Important Note
The information provided on this page is intended for general informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. While every effort is made to ensure accuracy, regulations and administrative procedures may change over time.
Buyers are encouraged to verify all property details and seek independent legal advice before completing any transaction.